The Fallible · Synthetic · Study Bible
The Frames and Bases
Exodus 36:20–34 — The Frames and Bases. Each verse below carries the full apparatus: the Berean Standard Bible, the vocalized original (tap any word), and a parsed breakdown of every term transcribed from the interlinear. Synthesized commentary, canonical threads, and the reading of Christ gather at the end, over the whole unit.
20Next, he constructed upright frames of acacia wood for the tabernacle.
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
way·ya·‘aś ’eṯ- ‘ō·mə·ḏîm haq·qə·rā·šîm šiṭ·ṭîm ‘ă·ṣê lam·miš·kān
Literal — word-for-word from the original
And-he-made the-frames standing-upright for-the-tabernacle, [of] acacia wood.
Where the English smooths the original
After the construction of the roof, that of the walls is described, the order of Exodus 26 being still followed. Exodus 36:20-34 correspond to Exodus 36:15-29 of Exodus 26. The correspondence is closer than would appear from the Authorised Version.
And he made boards for the tabernacle of shittim wood, {f} standing up. (f) And to bear up the curtains of the tabernacle.
This was the design of the tabernacle of witness, a visible testimony of the love of God to the race of men, however they were fallen from their first state. And this love was shown by Christ's taking up his abode on earth; by the Word being made flesh, Joh 1:14, wherein, as the original expresses it, he did tabernacle among us.Henry's note runs over the whole chapter (36:1-38); the closing Christological line is excerpted here.
the tabernacle ] the Dwelling. So vv. 22, 23, &c.
Did the part assigned him, what he was fittest for, and most skilful inGill on the chapter's "wise-hearted" workers; excerpted to name the gift-fitted division of labor under the anonymous "he made."
Such a report reflects the highest honor on their character as men of the strictest honor and integrityJFB's raw note for this verse is actually on Exodus 36:5 (the workmen halting the over-giving), not on the boards; quoted here only to round out the chapter's portrait of the craftsmen, with its mis-anchoring flagged.
21Each frame was ten cubits long and a cubit and a half wide.
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
haq·qā·reš ‘e·śer ʾam·mō·wṯ ’ō·reḵ wə·’am·māh wa·ḥă·ṣî hā·’am·māh rō·ḥaḇ haq·qe·reš hā·’e·ḥāḏ
Literal — word-for-word from the original
Ten cubits [was] the-length of-the-frame, and-a-cubit and-half the-cubit [was] the-width of-the-frame, the-one.
Where the English smooths the original
22Two tenons were connected to each other for each frame. He made all the frames of the tabernacle in this way.
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
šə·tê yā·ḏōṯ mə·šul·lā·ḇōṯ ’el- hā·’e·ḥāḏ ’a·ḥaṯ ’e·ḥāṯ laq·qe·reš ‘ā·śāh lə·ḵōl qar·šê ham·miš·kān kên
Literal — word-for-word from the original
Two tenons to-the-frame, the-one, joined one to-another; thus he-did for-all the-frames of-the-tabernacle.
Where the English smooths the original
Two tenons, equally distant one from another . Rather, as in Exodus 26:17 , "two tenons, set in order one against an other ."
joined ] clamped together. See on Exodus 26:17 .
One board had two tenons, equally distant one from another: thus did he make for all the boards of the tabernacle.
23He constructed twenty frames for the south side of the tabernacle,
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
way·ya·‘aś ’eṯ- haq·qə·rā·šîm ‘eś·rîm qə·rā·šîm ne·ḡeḇ tê·mā·nāh lip̄·’aṯ lam·miš·kān
Literal — word-for-word from the original
And-he-made the-frames for-the-tabernacle: twenty frames for-the-side-of the-Negev, southward.
Where the English smooths the original
24with forty silver bases to put under the twenty frames—two bases for each frame, one under each tenon.
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
‘ā·śāh wə·’ar·bā·‘îm ḵe·sep̄ ’aḏ·nê- ta·ḥaṯ ‘eś·rîm haq·qə·rā·šîm šə·nê ’ă·ḏā·nîm ta·ḥaṯ- haq·qe·reš hā·’e·ḥāḏ liš·tê yə·ḏō·ṯāw ū·šə·nê ’ă·ḏā·nîm ta·ḥaṯ- haq·qe·reš hā·’e·ḥāḏ liš·tê yə·ḏō·ṯāw
Literal — word-for-word from the original
And-forty bases of-silver he-made under the-twenty frames: two bases under the-one frame for-its-two tenons, and-two bases under the-one frame for-its-two tenons.
Where the English smooths the original
25For the second side of the tabernacle, the north side, he made twenty frames
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
haš·šê·nîṯ ū·lə·ṣe·la‘ ham·miš·kān ṣā·p̄ō·wn lip̄·’aṯ ‘ā·śāh ‘eś·rîm qə·rā·šîm
Literal — word-for-word from the original
And-for-the-side-of the-tabernacle, the-second, to-the-north, he-made twenty frames,
Where the English smooths the original
And for the other side of the tabernacle, which is toward the north corner, he made twenty boards,
the verbs עשׂה in Exodus 36:8 , ויחבּר in Exodus 36:10 , etc., are in the third person singular with an indefinite subject, corresponding to the German man (the French on).Keil's grammatical observation on the section's anonymous "he made."
26and forty silver bases—two bases under each frame.
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
wə·’ar·bā·‘îm kā·sep̄ ’aḏ·nê·hem šə·nê ’ă·ḏā·nîm ta·ḥaṯ hā·’e·ḥāḏ haq·qe·reš ū·šə·nê ’ă·ḏā·nîm ta·ḥaṯ hā·’e·ḥāḏ haq·qe·reš
Literal — word-for-word from the original
And-their-forty bases of-silver: two bases under the-one frame, and-two bases under the-one frame.
Where the English smooths the original
And their forty sockets of silver; two sockets under one board, and two sockets under another board.
it is all along said "he" did this and the other; either referring to Moses, by whose orders they were done, or to Bezaleel, the chief director of the work, or to each and everyone of the artificers severally concerned.Gill's note is on the chapter's anonymous subject; excerpted here.
27He made six frames for the rear of the tabernacle, the west side,
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
‘ā·śāh šiš·šāh qə·rā·šîm ū·lə·yar·kə·ṯê ham·miš·kān yām·māh
Literal — word-for-word from the original
And-for-the-flanks of-the-tabernacle seaward he-made six frames.
Where the English smooths the original
28and two frames for the two back corners of the tabernacle,
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
‘ā·śāh ū·šə·nê qə·rā·šîm bay·yar·ḵā·ṯā·yim lim·quṣ·‘ōṯ ham·miš·kān
Literal — word-for-word from the original
And-two frames he-made for-the-corners of-the-tabernacle at-the-two-flanks.
Where the English smooths the original
And two boards made he for the corners of the tabernacle in the two sides.
Preparation of the dwelling-place: viz., the hangings and covering ( Exodus 36:8-19 , as in Exodus 26:1-14 ); the wooden boards and bolts ( Exodus 36:20-34 , as in Exodus 26:15-30 )Keil's outline placing the boards-and-bolts section within the whole.
29coupled together from bottom to top and fitted into a single ring. He made both corners in this way.
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
wə·hā·yū ṯō·w·’ă·mim mil·lə·maṭ·ṭāh wə·yaḥ·dāw yih·yū ṯam·mîm ’el- rō·šōw ’el- hā·’e·ḥāṯ haṭ·ṭab·ba·‘aṯ ‘ā·śāh liš·nê·hem liš·nê ham·miq·ṣō·‘ōṯ kên
Literal — word-for-word from the original
And-they-were twinned from-beneath, and-together they-were complete to its-head, to the-one ring; thus he-did for-both-of-them, for-the-two corners.
Where the English smooths the original
30So there were eight frames and sixteen silver bases—two under each frame.
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
wə·hā·yū šə·mō·nāh qə·rā·šîm šiš·šāh ‘ā·śār ke·sep̄ wə·’aḏ·nê·hem šə·nê ’ă·ḏā·nîm šə·nê ’ă·ḏā·nîm ’ă·ḏā·nîm ta·ḥaṯ hā·’e·ḥāḏ haq·qe·reš
Literal — word-for-word from the original
And-there-were eight frames, and-their-bases of-silver, sixteen bases: two bases, two bases, under the-one frame.
Where the English smooths the original
Under every board two sockets. —This is undoubtedly the true meaning; but it can scarcely be elicited from the present text. The words, takhath hak-keresh ha-ekhâd, which ought to have been repeated twice, as they are in Exodus 26:25 , have accidentally fallen out here in one place.
And there were eight boards; and their sockets were sixteen sockets of silver, under every board two sockets.
31He also made five crossbars of acacia wood for the frames on one side of the tabernacle,
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
way·ya·‘aś ḥă·miš·šāh bə·rî·ḥê šiṭ·ṭîm ‘ă·ṣê lə·qar·šê hā·’e·ḥāṯ ṣe·la‘- ham·miš·kān
Literal — word-for-word from the original
And-he-made five crossbars of-acacia wood, for-the-frames of the-one rib of-the-tabernacle,
Where the English smooths the original
And he made bars of shittim wood; five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle,
As these have all been already explained, the only thing remaining to be noticed here is, that the verbs עשׂה in Exodus 36:8 , ויחבּר in Exodus 36:10 , etc., are in the third person singular with an indefinite subject
32five for those on the other side, and five for those on the rear side of the tabernacle, to the west.
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
wa·ḥă·miš·šāh ḇə·rî·ḥim lə·qar·šê haš·šê·nîṯ ṣe·la‘- ham·miš·kān wa·ḥă·miš·šāh ḇə·rî·ḥim lə·qar·šê lay·yar·ḵā·ṯa·yim ham·miš·kān yām·māh
Literal — word-for-word from the original
and-five crossbars for-the-frames of-the-second rib of-the-tabernacle, and-five crossbars for-the-frames of-the-tabernacle for-the-flanks seaward.
Where the English smooths the original
For the sides westward. —Rather, for the back (of the tabernacle) westward. (Comp. the Note on Exodus 26:27 .)
For the sides westward. The same alteration should be made.
And five bars for the boards of the other side of the tabernacle, and five bars for the boards of the tabernacle for the sides westward.
33He made the central crossbar to run through the center of the frames, from one end to the other.
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
way·ya·‘aś ’eṯ- hat·tî·ḵōn hab·bə·rî·aḥ liḇ·rō·aḥ bə·ṯō·wḵ haq·qə·rā·šîm min- haq·qā·ṣeh ’el- haq·qā·ṣeh
Literal — word-for-word from the original
And-he-made the-middle crossbar to-run in-the-midst of-the-frames, from the-one-end to the-other-end.
Where the English smooths the original
34And he overlaid the frames with gold and made gold rings to hold the crossbars. He also overlaid the crossbars with gold.
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
wə·’eṯ- ṣip·pāh haq·qə·rā·šîm zā·hāḇ wə·’eṯ- ‘ā·śāh zā·hāḇ ṭab·bə·‘ō·ṯām bāt·tîm lab·bə·rî·ḥim way·ṣap̄ ’eṯ- hab·bə·rî·ḥim zā·hāḇ
Literal — word-for-word from the original
And the-frames he-overlaid [with] gold, and the-rings he-made [of] gold, houses for-the-crossbars; and-he-overlaid the-crossbars [with] gold.
Where the English smooths the original
And he overlaid the boards with gold, and made their rings of gold to be places for the bars, and overlaid the bars with gold.
The readiness and zeal with which these builders set about their work, the exactness with which they performed it, and the faithfulness with which they objected to receive more contributions, are worthy of our imitation.From Henry's chapter-summary; applied here to the finished, gold-clad frames.
The verse-by-verse work is done. What follows gathers the whole unit. All three layers below are machine-generated (⚙). Weigh them; they have no authority.
AI synthesis — woven from the public-domain voices above and the original text; generated and fallible.
The unit turns from the woven curtains to the skeleton beneath them. The keyword is qeresh (H7175) — a bare "slab or plank" — and the verse insists the boards are ‘ōmᵉḏîm, a Qal participle: not "upright" as a trait but "standing," caught in the act (⚙ my reading of the parse; the participle is in the Berean data). The Geneva Study Bible supplies the reason they stand: "to bear up the curtains of the tabernacle" — load-bearing bone under woven skin. The wood is šiṭṭîm, acacia, named by Strong's "from its scourging thorns": the desert's most thorn-armored, rot-proof timber becomes the frame of God's house. Cambridge presses the noun under miškān: not "tabernacle" but "the Dwelling." The tenons are yāḏōṯ — literally "hands" (H3027) — "set in order one against another," as the Pulpit Commentary corrects the older "equally distant"; Cambridge calls them "clamped together." The boards stand with hands.
South (the parched negeḇ), north (ṣāḟôn, "the hidden"), and seaward west: twenty boards, twenty boards, eight boards, each gripping its silver footings. The foundation-word is ’eden (H134), "a basis (of a building, a column)" — and the silver of these very bases, Exodus 38 records, was the atonement-money of the numbered people. The Dwelling literally stands on ransom. The text's bookkeeping is exact and even confesses its seams: at v.30 Ellicott judges that the clause "takhath hak-keresh ha-ekhâd... have accidentally fallen out here in one place" — an honest textual scar the smooth English heals over. Keil notes the whole section runs on a third-singular "he made" with "an indefinite subject, corresponding to the German man"; Gill hears in that anonymous "he" either Moses, or Bezalel, "or each and everyone of the artificers severally concerned" — a named craft made nameless in service.
Five bᵉrîḥê (H1280, "bolts") per rib-wall belt the free-standing boards into a single panel, and one is singled out: hattîḵōn (H8484), "the middle bar," a rare word (nine occurrences in all Scripture), made liḇrōaḥ — "to run/bolt through" (Geneva: "to shoot through") from end to end. Then the climax: ṣippāh ... zāhāḇ, "he sheeted [it] over with gold" — the intensive Piel of plating — with zāhāḇ sounded three times in one verse (boards, rings, bars). Even the gold rings are called bāttîm, "houses" (H1004), for the bars: the very fastenings bear the word for home, fitting in a structure whose whole name is "the Dwelling." The thorn-wood is never seen once it stands; it is wholly clothed in gold. Matthew Henry reads the finished work as fit "for our imitation" in "the exactness with which they performed it," and elsewhere hears the gospel in the Dwelling itself: "the Word being made flesh... he did tabernacle among us."
⚙ My own fallible reading, offered under Sola Scriptura to be tested against the text: the boards preach the doctrine of the saint and the church in miniature. Take a single plank — common desert acacia, a thorn-tree (šiṭṭîm, "from its scourging thorns"). Left alone it is rough wood. But it is cut to one measure, given two "hands" (yāḏōṯ) by which it is socketed into silver — and silver, the ransom-money, is the price of a soul. So the board does not stand on the ground; it is held, footed in atonement. Then it is bolted to its neighbors by bars that bolt (bᵉrîaḥ) the whole wall into one, and over it all is sheeted gold, so that the thorn within is never seen, only glory without. A ransomed soul, founded on a price not its own, bound to its fellows into one house, and clothed in a righteousness that hides the thorn: this is the sermon I hear in the joinery. I hold it loosely — the text states no allegory; it states measurements. But the measurements are not idle, and the One who later "tabernacled among us" (Jn 1:14, in Henry's reading) was himself founded, framed, and clothed for our dwelling with God.
Common thorn-wood, footed in ransom-silver and clothed in gold — that is the saint, and the sermon is in the joinery. (⚙ a reading to be tested, not a verse)
AI-generated connections. Each carries a verification badge with a recorded basis; contested links are flagged.
This whole panel is the obedient mirror of the building-command in Exodus 26:15-30. The boards (qeresh), their acacia wood (šiṭṭâh), and the Dwelling (mishkân) recur word-for-word; the Verifier records the rare shared lexeme qeresh (in only 34 verses) plus šiṭṭâh (28 vv) tying the make-report directly to the make-order. Ellicott: "the order of Exodus 26 being still followed... the correspondence is closer than would appear from the Authorised Version." What God said, the people did, board for board.
Exodus 26:15 · Exodus 26:18 · Exodus 26:23
basis: rare shared lexemes verified: H7175 qeresh (34 vv), H7848 shiṭṭâh (28 vv), H4908 mishkân (129 vv); Ex 36:20↔26:15 also shares H6086 ʻêts, H5975 ʻâmad — the execution narrates the command
The crossbars (bᵉrîaḥ) and gold rings answer the bolt-command of Exodus 26:26-29. The Verifier confirms the rare bolt-word bᵉrîyach (in 36 vv) shared between 36:31 and 26:26, and between 36:34 and 26:29 it records bᵉrîyach with the rings-word ṭabbaʻath (38 vv) and the plating-verb tsâphâh (40 vv). The middle bar of 36:33 carries the very rare tîykôwn ("central," only 9 occurrences) shared with 26:28 — a near-quotation of the bolt-command.
Exodus 26:26 · Exodus 26:28 · Exodus 26:29
basis: rare shared lexemes verified: H1280 bᵉrîyach (36 vv), H8484 tîykôwn (9 vv, 36:33↔26:28), H2885 ṭabbaʻath (38 vv) and H6823 tsâphâh (40 vv, 36:34↔26:29)
The same boards-and-bases reappear when the tabernacle is finally set up (Exodus 40:18) and when the Kohathites and Merarites are charged to carry the boards, bars, and bases through the wilderness (Numbers 3:36; 4:31). These verses share the standard structural vocabulary qeresh + mishkân but make no quotation claim — they describe the same objects in new settings (erected, then portable), so the link is structural rather than a citation. The Verifier returns "structural / thematic" for 36:20↔Numbers 4:31, sharing H7175 and H4908 only.
Exodus 40:18 · Numbers 3:36 · Numbers 4:31
basis: shared structural lexemes H7175 qeresh, H4908 mishkân (Verifier: 36:20↔Num 4:31 tiered structural — same objects, no quotation)
The boards, bars, bases, and rings are listed both in the call for materials (Exodus 35:11) and in the final hand-over of the completed work to Moses (Exodus 39:33), where the mishkân with its qᵉrāšîm and bars is brought as one finished whole. The shared terms are the common structural pair qeresh + mishkân; this is an inventory echo, a thematic frame around the construction, not a quotation.
Exodus 35:11 · Exodus 39:33
basis: shared structural lexemes H7175 qeresh, H4908 mishkân — inventory/hand-over of the same components, no quotation claim
⚙ A quieter verbal echo, offered carefully. The long walls of the Dwelling are each a ṣela‘ (H6763, vv. 25, 31-32), "a rib (as curved)" — the very noun used for the rib God took from the sleeping man to build the woman (Genesis 2:21-22). The Verifier confirms the shared lexeme but tiers the link structural / thematic, not verbal: ṣela‘ is a moderately common word (31 verses), and here it lives in two unrelated domains — architecture versus anatomy — so this is a wordplay/motif resonance, not a quotation or citation. I note the shared term honestly and hold any figural payload (a rib enclosing a dwelling where God and his people meet, as the rib of Adam framed the one who would meet him) loosely: the text states a wall, not an allegory. The connection is mine, marked, and downgraded by rule because a single mid-frequency lexeme across genres cannot carry a "verbal" badge.
Genesis 2:21 · Genesis 2:22
basis: shared lexeme H6763 tsêlâʻ (31 vv), but used in different domains (wall vs. anatomy) — Verifier returns structural, not verbal; a wordplay/motif echo, not a quotation
AI-generated reading; weigh it against the text.
The aim of all this joinery is the mishkân, "the Dwelling" — God's residence with men (Cambridge: "the Dwelling. So vv. 22, 23, &c."). Matthew Henry, on this very chapter, hears the gospel in the word: "this love was shown by Christ's taking up his abode on earth; by the Word being made flesh, Joh 1:14, wherein, as the original expresses it, he did tabernacle among us." John's verb eskēnōsen (literally "pitched his tent / tabernacled," Jn 1:14) is widely held to recall this tent of meeting — and the Septuagint regularly renders mishkân with the cognate σκηνή, the consonants of which (š-k-n) shadow the Hebrew root šākan, "to dwell." That cross-linguistic root-play is suggestive, but it is not a shared Strong's number: this is a Greek↔Hebrew link, and the Verifier finds no shared original-language lexeme, so the badge is typological/structural — argued from the concept of God dwelling with man, not asserted from vocabulary. By rule a cross-Testament link can never be tiered "verbal." The attestation is ancient and widely held in the church.
John 1:14 · Exodus 36:20
⚙ A more tentative figural reading: the frame is humble desert thorn-wood (šiṭṭîm) wholly sheeted in gold (zāhāḇ, v.34), the wood never seen once it stands. Christian tradition has long read the gold-over-acacia of the tabernacle's wood as a figure of Christ — true humanity (the lowly, incorruptible wood) within true glory (the gold) — the one in whom God came to dwell. This is a typological reading argued from the materials, not from any shared lexeme (a cross-Testament figure, so verbal tiering is excluded); I mark it as the more widely-held patristic line, yet hold the specific allegory loosely, since the text states materials, not meanings. Compare the gold-and-wood ark of the covenant (Exodus 25:10-11) and Hebrews' reading of the sanctuary as "a copy and shadow of the heavenly things" (Heb 8:5).
Hebrews 8:5 · Exodus 36:34
The biblical text is the Berean Standard Bible (BSB), public domain (CC0). Hebrew/Greek text, transliteration, morphology and Strong’s are transcribed from the Berean interlinear (CC0) + Strong’s lexicons (PD); the literal renderings, divergence notes, word notes and all synthesis are this tool’s own work (⚙) — fallible; verify them.
Named voices, quoted verbatim from public-domain works:
This is a measurement-and-construction unit (Hebrew only), so the synthesis stays close to the carpentry: literal renderings restore the participle "standing" (‘ōmᵉḏîm), the body-words "hands" (yāḏōṯ) and "head" (rōš), and the foundation-word "bases" (’eden). Honesty notes: (1) The voices_raw for this chapter are unusually repetitive — Matthew Henry, Barnes, Jamieson-Fausset-Brown, Gill, and Keil reproduce the same chapter-level or section-level note on every verse; Barnes and Poole add only cross-references ("See the notes to Exodus 26" / no text), and JFB's note is actually on v.5 (the restrained giving), not on the boards at all. I have therefore drawn verse-specific voices chiefly from Geneva, Cambridge, the Pulpit Commentary, and Ellicott; to broaden the chorus I added one verbatim Gill line on the gift-fitted workers and one verbatim JFB line on the craftsmen's integrity, each flagged via editorial_note as a chapter/v.5 excerpt rather than a comment on these verses. (2) Verse 30 has a genuine textual seam: Ellicott (and the comparison with Exodus 26:25) judges a repeated clause has "accidentally fallen out" of the Masoretic text — recorded openly rather than smoothed. (3) All Hebrew↔Hebrew threads were re-run through the Verifier and tiered by the rarity of the shared lexeme: qeresh (34 vv), šiṭṭâh (28 vv), bᵉrîyach (36 vv), and especially tîykôwn (9 vv) carry the "verbal" tier (36:20↔26:15, 36:31↔26:26, 36:33↔26:28, 36:34↔26:29 all confirmed verbal); the merely structural pair qeresh+mishkân with high-frequency partners (Ex 40:18, 39:33, 35:11, Num 3:36, 4:31, and Ex 26:23) was kept at "structural/thematic." The added Genesis 2 rib-link shares only ṣela‘ (31 vv) across two different domains (wall vs. anatomy); the Verifier returns structural, not verbal, so it is badged structural and its figural read held loosely. (4) Both Christ entries are cross-Testament (Greek↔Hebrew), so by rule they are tiered typological/structural, never verbal — the Verifier confirms no shared Strong's lexeme exists for Ex 36:20↔John 1:14 or Ex 36:34↔Heb 8:5 (both return "flagged — verify source: no shared original-language lexeme"); they are argued from concept (God's dwelling; gold-clad wood), the σκηνή/šākan root-play noted as suggestive not probative, and the specific gold-over-acacia allegory marked as held loosely. The Joshua 1:5→Hebrews 13:5 flag rule does not apply: this unit contains no Joshua text and no NT quotation of these verses.
✦ = human, public-domain source, quoted and named. ⚙ = machine synthesis, to be verified. Flagged cross-references are left visible on purpose — the verifier working in the open. “Search the Scriptures daily, whether those things were so.” (Acts 17:11)