The Fallible · Synthetic · Study Bible

Deuteronomy11:8–17

God’s Great Blessings

Generated by AI. It can be wrong, and it has no authority. Every note here is fallible commentary — never the Word itself. Public-domain sources are quoted and named; machine synthesis is marked and meant to be checked. Weigh all of it against Scripture. “They received the word with all readiness… and searched the Scriptures daily, whether those things were so.” — Acts 17:11
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Deuteronomy 11:8–17 — God’s Great Blessings. Each verse below carries the full apparatus: the Berean Standard Bible, the vocalized original (tap any word), and a parsed breakdown of every term transcribed from the interlinear. Synthesized commentary, canonical threads, and the reading of Christ gather at the end, over the whole unit.

8“You shall therefore keep every commandment I am giving you today…”+

8You shall therefore keep every commandment I am giving you today, so that you may have the strength to go in and possess the land that you are crossing the Jordan to possess,

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

ū·šə·mar·tem ’eṯ- kāl- ham·miṣ·wāh ’ă·šer ’ā·nō·ḵî mə·ṣaw·wə·ḵā hay·yō·wm lə·ma·‘an te·ḥez·qū ū·ḇā·ṯem wî·riš·tem ’eṯ- hā·’ā·reṣ ’ă·šer ’at·tem ‘ō·ḇə·rîm šām·māh lə·riš·tāh

Literal — word-for-word from the original

“And-you-shall-keep (every) the-commandment that I-myself am-commanding-you the-day, so-that you-may-be-strong and-you-shall-go-in and-you-shall-possess the-land that you are-crossing-over there, to-possess-it.”

Where the English smooths the original

  • הַמִּצְוָה The Hebrew is singular — ham-miṣwāh, “the commandment” — under the construct kāl, “the-whole-of.” BSB’s plural “every commandment” is right in force, but, as Ellicott notes, Hebrew presents it as one course of action: “It is one course of action rather than many details which is enjoined.”
  • תֶּחֶזְקוּ teḥezqū (root ḥāzaq, “to be firm, take hold”) is rendered flatly as “have the strength,” but it is the same verb of the threefold charge to Joshua — “be strong.” K&D read it as spiritually strong, not merely physically able.
  • וּבָאתֶם Two coordinate weqatal verbs, ū-ḇāṯem … wî-rištem (“and you shall go in and you shall possess”), are subordinated in English to a single purpose (“to go in and possess”). The Hebrew lays them out as a chain of consequence following from strength.
  • אָנֹכִי ’ānōḵî is the long, emphatic independent pronoun, “I-myself” — stressing the speaker; English “I” cannot carry the weight. The whole charge stands on who commands.
Word by word19 · parsed+
וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם֙ū·šə·mar·temYou shall therefore keepH8104
√ shâmar — properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), iConjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine plural
ū-šəmartem opens the unit on the covenant keyword šāmar — “to guard, hedge about (as with thorns).” The same root returns as a warning in v. 16 (“be careful / guard yourselves”): obedience and self-watch are one verb bracketing the passage.
אֶת־’eṯ-H853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object marker
כָּל־kāl-everyH3605
√ kôl — properly, the wholeNounmasculine singular construct
הַמִּצְוָ֔הham·miṣ·wāhcommandmentH4687
√ mitsvâh — a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the Law)ArticleNounfeminine singular
Singular ham-miṣwāh. The Cambridge editors note this is “Again the Miṣwah of Deuteronomy 11:31 q.v., Deuteronomy 6:1 and Deuteronomy 7:11” — the Law conceived as a single, indivisible charge rather than a list.
אֲשֶׁ֛ר’ă·šerH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
אָנֹכִ֥י’ā·nō·ḵîIH595
√ ʼânôkîy — IPronounfirst person common singular
מְצַוְּךָ֖mə·ṣaw·wə·ḵāam giving you todayH6680
√ tsâvâh — (intensively) to constitute, enjoinVerbPielParticiplemasculine singular constructsecond person masculine singular
məṣawwəḵā is a Piel participle (“am commanding you”) — present and ongoing, not a finished decree; the command is being given now, “this day.”
הַיּ֑וֹםhay·yō·wm. . .H3117
√ yôwm — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)ArticleNounmasculine singular
לְמַ֣עַןlə·ma·‘anso thatH4616
√ maʻan — properly, heed, iConjunction
תֶּחֶזְק֗וּte·ḥez·qūyou may have the strengthH2388
√ châzaq — to fasten uponVerbQalImperfectsecond person masculine plural
teḥezqū, the pivot of the verse: keeping the commandment is itself the source of strength to take the land. Strength is presented as a fruit of obedience, not a precondition for it.
וּבָאתֶם֙ū·ḇā·ṯemto go inH935
√ bôwʼ — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)Conjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine plural
וִֽירִשְׁתֶּ֣םwî·riš·temand possessH3423
√ yârash — to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place)Conjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine plural
wî-rištem (root yāraš) means to occupy “by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place” — dispossession-and-possession in one word; the conquest is in view, not mere arrival.
אֶת־’eṯ-H853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object marker
הָאָ֔רֶץhā·’ā·reṣthe landH776
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)ArticleNounfeminine singular
אֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šerthatH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
אַתֶּ֛ם’at·temyouH859
√ ʼattâh — thou and thee, or (plural) ye and youPronounsecond person masculine plural
עֹבְרִ֥ים‘ō·ḇə·rîmare crossingH5674
√ ʻâbar — to cross overVerbQalParticiplemasculine plural
‘ōḇərîm (root ‘āḇar, “to cross over”) — the root behind ‘iḇrî, “Hebrew,” the people of the one who crossed over; the Jordan crossing is what makes them, again, a people who cross.
שָׁ֖מָּהšām·māh[the Jordan]H8033
√ shâm — there (transferring to time) thenAdverbthird person feminine singular
לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃lə·riš·tāhto possessH3423
√ yârash — to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place)Preposition-lVerbQalInfinitive constructthird person feminine singular
The Voices✦ public domain+
the commandment. It is one course of action rather than many details which is enjoined. Go in and possess — i.e., complete the conquest in detail, so as to enjoy the whole profit of the land.
Trimmed from mid-sentence; Ellicott’s ‘Literally, the commandment’ precedes this and is reflected in the literal rendering above.
that ye may be strong; healthful in body, and courageous in mind, for sin tends to weaken both; whereas observance of the commands of God contributes to the health and strength of the body, and the rigour of the mind; both which were necessary to the present expedition they were going upon
And this knowledge was to impel them to keep the law, that they might be strong, i.e., spiritually strong ( Deuteronomy 1:38 ), and not only go into the promised land, but also live long therein
Excerpt of K&D’s comment spanning vv. 8–9; the “spiritually strong” gloss bears directly on teḥezqū.
that ye may be strong is new. keep all the commandment ] Again the Miṣwah of Deuteronomy 11:31 q.v. , Deuteronomy 6:1 and Deuteronomy 7:11 . which I command thee this day ] The one Sg. clause in the section.
On the singular ‘commandment’ and the one singular-address clause.
9“and so that you may live long in the land that the LORD swore to…”+

9and so that you may live long in the land that the LORD swore to your fathers to give them and their descendants, a land flowing with milk and honey.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

ū·lə·ma·‘an ta·’ă·rî·ḵū yā·mîm ‘al- hā·’ă·ḏā·māh ’ă·šer Yah·weh niš·ba‘ la·’ă·ḇō·ṯê·ḵem lā·ṯêṯ lā·hem ū·lə·zar·‘ām ’e·reṣ zā·ḇaṯ ḥā·lāḇ ū·ḏə·ḇāš

Literal — word-for-word from the original

“and-so-that you-may-prolong (days) upon the-ground that YHWH swore to-your-fathers to-give to-them and-to-their-seed, a-land flowing milk and-honey.”

Where the English smooths the original

  • תַּאֲרִיכוּ ta’ărîḵū is a Hiphil — literally “you shall make (your) days long” (root ’āraḵ, “to be/make long”). BSB’s “live long” is smooth, but the Hebrew makes long life something the people, under blessing, actively extend — bound to obedience.
  • הָאֲדָמָה The word is ’ăḏāmāh, “ground / soil” (from its redness) — the cultivable earth, not the geopolitical ’ereṣ (“land”) used elsewhere in the verse. Long life is tied specifically to the tilled soil, which the next verses describe.
  • נִשְׁבַּע nišba‘ (Niphal, root šāḇa‘) means literally “to seven oneself” — to bind by a sevenfold oath. “Swore” is correct but loses the archaic image of an oath sealed by the sacred number seven.
  • זָבַת zāḇaṯ is a participle, “flowing / gushing” (root zûḇ) — the land is pictured in continuous motion, milk and honey oozing from it. English “flowing with” reads as a static quality; Hebrew makes it an ongoing act of the land.
Word by word16 · parsed+
וּלְמַ֨עַןū·lə·ma·‘anand so thatH4616
√ maʻan — properly, heed, iConjunction
ū-ləma‘an repeats the purpose conjunction of v. 8 (ləma‘an): obedience aims at two goods — strength to enter (v. 8) and length of days to remain (v. 9).
תַּאֲרִ֤יכוּta·’ă·rî·ḵūyou may live longH748
√ ʼârak — to be (causative, make) long (literally or figuratively)VerbHifilImperfectsecond person masculine plural
יָמִים֙yā·mîm. . .H3117
√ yôwm — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)Nounmasculine plural
עַל־‘al-inH5921
√ ʻal — above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applicationsPreposition
הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔הhā·’ă·ḏā·māhthe landH127
√ ʼădâmâh — soil (from its general redness)ArticleNounfeminine singular
אֲשֶׁר֩’ă·šerthatH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
יְהוָ֧הYah·wehthe LORDH3068
√ Yᵉhôvâh — Jehovah, Jewish national name of GodNounpropermasculine singular
YHWH, the covenant name. The promise is grounded not in Israel’s merit but in a divine oath already sworn to the fathers — Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
נִשְׁבַּ֨עniš·ba‘sworeH7650
√ shâbaʻ — to seven oneself, iVerbNifalPerfectthird person masculine singular
nišba‘ — the oath to the fathers (cf. Genesis 15:18). Gill: the land was “promised with an oath, so that they might be assured of the enjoyment of it.”
לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶ֛םla·’ă·ḇō·ṯê·ḵemto your fathersH1
√ ʼâb — father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote applicationPreposition-lNounmasculine plural constructsecond person masculine plural
לָתֵ֥תlā·ṯêṯto giveH5414
√ nâthan — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etcPreposition-lVerbQalInfinitive construct
לָהֶ֖םlā·hemthem
Prepositionthird person masculine plural
וּלְזַרְעָ֑םū·lə·zar·‘āmand their descendantsH2233
√ zeraʻ — seedConjunctive waw, Preposition-lNounmasculine singular constructthird person masculine plural
ū-ləzar‘ām, “and to their seed” (root zera‘) — the promise reaches past the present generation to descendants; the gift is dynastic, not momentary.
אֶ֛רֶץ’e·reṣa landH776
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)Nounfeminine singular
זָבַ֥תzā·ḇaṯflowingH2100
√ zûwb — to flow freely (as water), iVerbQalParticiplefeminine singular construct
zāḇaṯ, “flowing” — the standard formula “milk and honey” (Exodus 3:8; Numbers 13:27) marks Canaan as a land of pastoral and wild abundance, richness given rather than manufactured.
חָלָ֖בḥā·lāḇwith milkH2461
√ châlâb — milk (as the richness of kine)Nounmasculine singular
וּדְבָֽשׁ׃סū·ḏə·ḇāšand honeyH1706
√ dᵉbash — honey (from its stickiness)Conjunctive wawNounmasculine singular
The Voices✦ public domain+
the Lord sware unto your fathers to give unto them and to their seed; had promised with an oath, so that they might be assured of the enjoyment of it, though they could not be of their continuance in it, unless they obeyed the divine commands: a land that floweth with milk and honey; abounds with all good things, whose fruits are fat as milk, and sweet as honey
prolong your days ] See on Deuteronomy 4:26 . which the Lord sware ] See on Deuteronomy 1:8 . flowing with milk and honey ] See above on Deuteronomy 6:3 ; and the note to Exodus 3:8 .
Cross-references the milk-and-honey formula back to its source at Exodus 3:8.
10“For the land that you are entering to possess is not like the la…”+

10For the land that you are entering to possess is not like the land of Egypt, from which you have come, where you sowed your seed and irrigated on foot, like a vegetable garden.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

kî hā·’ā·reṣ ’ă·šer ’at·tāh ḇā- šām·māh lə·riš·tāh lō ḵə·’e·reṣ miṣ·ra·yim hî yə·ṣā·ṯem miš·šām ’ă·šer ’ă·šer tiz·ra‘ ’eṯ- zar·‘ă·ḵā wə·hiš·qî·ṯā ḇə·raḡ·lə·ḵā hay·yā·rāq kə·ḡan

Literal — word-for-word from the original

“For the-land that you are-going there to-possess-it — not like the-land of-Egypt [is] it, from-which you-came-out, where you-would-sow your-seed and-water it with-your-foot, like-a-garden-of herbs.”

Where the English smooths the original

  • תִּזְרַע tizra‘ and wə-hišqîṯā are imperfect/habitual — “you used to sow … and water,” describing Egypt’s settled routine. BSB’s simple past (“sowed … irrigated”) loses the iterative force of a way of life now left behind.
  • בְרַגְלְךָ bə-raḡləḵā — literally “with-your-foot,” singular. The commentators divide on whether this means treading water-machines, kicking open foot-channels in the mud, or carrying water on foot; Poole and Benson both gloss it as the labor of thy feet. The phrase is concrete and physical; English “irrigated on foot” abstracts it.
  • הַיָּרָק hay-yārāq means “the green / herb” (root yāraq, “to be green”) — a vegetable plot watered by hand, plant by plant. The image is of toilsome, small-scale, man-powered cultivation, the opposite of heaven-watered fields.
Word by word22 · parsed+
כִּ֣יForH3588
√ kîy — (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below)Conjunction
הָאָ֗רֶץhā·’ā·reṣthe landH776
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)ArticleNounfeminine singular
hā-’āreṣ, “the land” — the verse sets up a deliberate contrast: this land (Canaan) versus the land of Egypt left behind. The whole motive of vv. 10–12 is the kind of land Israel is entering.
אֲשֶׁ֨ר’ă·šerthatH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
אַתָּ֤ה’at·tāhyouH859
√ ʼattâh — thou and thee, or (plural) ye and youPronounsecond person masculine singular
בָא־ḇā-are enteringH935
√ bôwʼ — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)VerbQalParticiplemasculine singular
שָׁ֙מָּה֙šām·māh. . .H8033
√ shâm — there (transferring to time) thenAdverbthird person feminine singular
לְרִשְׁתָּ֔הּlə·riš·tāhto possessH3423
√ yârash — to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place)Preposition-lVerbQalInfinitive constructthird person feminine singular
לֹ֣אis notH3808
√ lôʼ — not (the simple or absAdverbNegative particle
כְאֶ֤רֶץḵə·’e·reṣlike the landH776
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)Preposition-kNounfeminine singular construct
מִצְרַ֙יִם֙miṣ·ra·yimof EgyptH4714
√ Mitsrayim — Mitsrajim, iNounproperfeminine singular
miṣrayim, Egypt — emblem here, says Barnes, of “the world of nature in distinction from the world of grace”: fertile by human ingenuity and capital rather than by direct gift.
הִ֔ואfrom whichH1931
√ hûwʼ — he (she or it)Pronounthird person feminine singular
יְצָאתֶ֖םyə·ṣā·ṯemyou have comeH3318
√ yâtsâʼ — to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proximVerbQalPerfectsecond person masculine plural
מִשָּׁ֑םmiš·šām. . .H8033
√ shâm — there (transferring to time) thenPreposition-mAdverb
אֲשֶׁ֤ר’ă·šerH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
אֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šerwhereH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
תִּזְרַע֙tiz·ra‘you sowedH2232
√ zâraʻ — to sowVerbQalImperfectsecond person masculine singular
אֶֽת־’eṯ-H853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object marker
זַרְעֲךָ֔zar·‘ă·ḵāyour seedH2233
√ zeraʻ — seedNounmasculine singular constructsecond person masculine singular
וְהִשְׁקִ֥יתָwə·hiš·qî·ṯāand irrigatedH8248
√ shâqâh — to quaff, iConjunctive wawVerbHifilConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine singular
wə-hišqîṯā, Hiphil of šāqāh, “to give drink / cause to drink.” Egypt’s fertility was caused by human hands at the Nile; Canaan’s, vv. 11–12 will say, is given by the hand of God.
בְרַגְלְךָ֖ḇə·raḡ·lə·ḵāon footH7272
√ regel — a foot (as used in walking)Preposition-bNounfeminine singular constructsecond person masculine singular
bə-raḡləḵā, “with your foot” — the crux of the verse. Gill cites travelers describing the gardener who diverts the water-rill “with his foot” and opens a new trench with his mattock; the labor stands for Egypt’s self-reliance.
הַיָּרָֽק׃hay·yā·rāqlike a vegetableH3419
√ yârâq — properly, greenArticleNounmasculine singular
כְּגַ֥ןkə·ḡangardenH1588
√ gan — a garden (as fenced)Preposition-kNouncommon singular construct
kə-ḡan, “like a garden” (gan, “a garden as fenced”). A vegetable garden in Canaan was itself watered by channels (cf. Isaiah 1:30); the contrast is not absolute, as the Cambridge editors candidly note, but it is true in the main.
The Voices✦ public domain+
Wateredst it with thy foot. —An allusion either to the necessity of carrying the water or to the custom of turning the water into little channels with the foot, as it flowed through the garden.
With great pains and labour of thy feet, partly by going up and down to fetch water and disperse it, and partly by digging furrows with thy foot, and using engines for distributing the water, which engines they thrust with their feet.
Opening of Poole’s note; his ‘i.e.’ glosses the literal ‘with thy foot.’
But Egypt, fit emblem here as elsewhere of the world of nature in distinction from the world of grace, though of course deriving its all ultimately from the Giver of all good things, yet directly and immediately owed its riches and plenty to human ingenuity and capital.
Barnes’ theological reading of the Egypt/Canaan contrast.
The reference, perhaps, is to the manner of conducting the water about from plant to plant and from furrow to furrow. I have often watched the gardener at this fatiguing and unhealthy work. When one place is sufficiently saturated, he pushes aside the sandy soil between it and the next furrow with his foot
Quoting Thomson, ‘The Land and the Book’; eyewitness of the foot-watering practice.
11“But the land that you are crossing the Jordan to possess is a la…”+

11But the land that you are crossing the Jordan to possess is a land of mountains and valleys that drinks in the rain from heaven.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

wə·hā·’ā·reṣ ’ă·šer ’at·tem ‘ō·ḇə·rîm šām·māh lə·riš·tāh ’e·reṣ hā·rîm ū·ḇə·qā·‘ōṯ tiš·teh- mā·yim lim·ṭar haš·šā·ma·yim

Literal — word-for-word from the original

“But-the-land that you are-crossing-over there to-possess-it [is] a-land-of mountains and-valleys; to-the-rain of-the-heavens it-drinks water.”

Where the English smooths the original

  • תִּשְׁתֶּה tišteh (root šāṯāh, “to imbibe, drink”) personifies the land: it drinks the rain. BSB’s “drinks in the rain” keeps the verb but the Hebrew word order is emphatic — Cambridge notes “According to the rain of heaven it drinketh water” is “the emphatic order of the original”: the source (heaven’s rain) is fronted before the act.
  • לִמְטַר The little lə- prefixed to məṭar (“to/for the rain”) is doing causal work — K&D: “ל before מטר, to denote the external cause.” The land drinks by way of, because of, heaven’s rain; English “from the rain” renders the result, not the grammar of cause.
  • הָרִים hārîmū-ḇəqā‘ōṯ, “mountains and valleys” — a configured, varied terrain (the biqʻāh is properly “a split, cleft”). Poole and Benson hear in this not only fertility but health: a hill-country free of the Nile’s standing damp.
Word by word13 · parsed+
וְהָאָ֗רֶץwə·hā·’ā·reṣBut the landH776
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)Conjunctive waw, ArticleNounfeminine singular
אֲשֶׁ֨ר’ă·šerthatH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
אַתֶּ֜ם’at·temyouH859
√ ʼattâh — thou and thee, or (plural) ye and youPronounsecond person masculine plural
עֹבְרִ֥ים‘ō·ḇə·rîmare crossingH5674
√ ʻâbar — to cross overVerbQalParticiplemasculine plural
שָׁ֙מָּה֙šām·māh[the Jordan]H8033
√ shâm — there (transferring to time) thenAdverbthird person feminine singular
לְרִשְׁתָּ֔הּlə·riš·tāhto possessH3423
√ yârash — to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place)Preposition-lVerbQalInfinitive constructthird person feminine singular
אֶ֥רֶץ’e·reṣis a landH776
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)Nounfeminine singular construct
הָרִ֖יםhā·rîmof mountainsH2022
√ har — a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)Nounmasculine plural
hārîm, “mountains” — Canaan’s relief, unlike Egypt’s flatness, both attracts rain-clouds and channels springs (cf. Deuteronomy 8:7); the geography itself is part of the argument for dependence on God.
וּבְקָעֹ֑תū·ḇə·qā·‘ōṯand valleysH1237
√ biqʻâh — properly, a split, iConjunctive wawNounfeminine plural
תִּשְׁתֶּה־tiš·teh-that drinks inH8354
√ shâthâh — to imbibe (literally or figuratively)VerbQalImperfectthird person feminine singular
tišteh, “it drinks” — the land is the subject, heaven the supplier. The verb makes the soil a living recipient of grace from above rather than an object worked from below.
מָּֽיִם׃mā·yim. . .H4325
√ mayim — waterNounmasculine plural
לִמְטַ֥רlim·ṭarthe rainH4306
√ mâṭar — rainPreposition-lNounmasculine singular construct
lim-ṭar, “for/by the rain” — Ellicott preserves a rabbinic image worth keeping: “While thou sleepest on thy bed, the Holy One (blessed be He!) waters it high and low,” comparing the silent growth of Mark 4:26–27.
הַשָּׁמַ֖יִםhaš·šā·ma·yimfrom heavenH8064
√ shâmayim — the sky (as aloftArticleNounmasculine plural
haš-šāmayim, “the heavens” — the rain comes from heaven, i.e., directly from God’s hand, “not from man’s art or industry” (Poole). This is the theological hinge of the whole land-contrast.
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Drinketh water of the rain of heaven. —Or, as it is prettily expressed by the Jewish commentator, “While thou sleepest on thy bed, the Holy One (blessed be He! ) waters it high and low.” (Comp. the parable in St. Mark 4:26-27 .)
Drinketh water of the rain of heaven which is more honourable, because this comes not from man’s art or industry, but immediately from God’s power and goodness; more easy, being given thee without thy charge or pains; more sweet and pleasant
A land of hills and valleys — Which could not be made fruitful but by rain from heaven, which seldom fell in Egypt, whose fruitfulness depended on the overflowing of the Nile. Thus he informs them that the promised land was of such a condition as would keep them in a constant dependance upon God for the fruitfulness of it.
12“It is a land for which the LORD your God cares; the eyes of the …”+

12It is a land for which the LORD your God cares; the eyes of the LORD your God are always on it, from the beginning to the end of the year.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

’e·reṣ ’ă·šer- Yah·weh ’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā dō·rêš ’ō·ṯāh ‘ê·nê Yah·weh ’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā tā·mîḏ bāh mê·rê·šîṯ wə·‘aḏ ’a·ḥă·rîṯ šā·nāh haš·šā·nāh

Literal — word-for-word from the original

“A-land that YHWH your-God seeks-after it; the-eyes of-YHWH your-God [are] continually upon-it, from-the-beginning of-the-year and-unto the-end of-the-year.”

Where the English smooths the original

  • דֹּרֵשׁ dōrēš (root dāraš) is far stronger than BSB’s “cares.” Its primary sense is “to tread / frequent / seek out, inquire after” — Cambridge: “a land which the Lord thy God careth for ] lit. seeketh after.” God does not merely care about the land; He resorts to it, makes it the object of His personal search and supervision.
  • עֵינֵי ‘ênê YHWH — “the eyes of YHWH.” A bold anthropomorphism: God watches the land as one watches a charge. The Pulpit Commentary ties this to His “special watchful providence” (Psalm 33:18; 34:15). English keeps the image but its theological weight — God’s gaze as active sustaining — deserves naming.
  • תָּמִיד tāmîḏ, “continually / always” — the same word used for the perpetual temple offering. BSB’s “always” is accurate; the term carries a cultic flavor of unbroken, perpetual attention, reinforced by the year-round bracket that follows.
Word by word16 · parsed+
אֶ֕רֶץ’e·reṣIt is a landH776
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)Nounfeminine singular
אֲשֶׁר־’ă·šer-for whichH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
יְהוָ֥הYah·wehthe LORDH3068
√ Yᵉhôvâh — Jehovah, Jewish national name of GodNounpropermasculine singular
אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ’ĕ·lō·he·ḵāyour GodH430
√ ʼĕlôhîym — gods in the ordinary senseNounmasculine plural constructsecond person masculine singular
דֹּרֵ֣שׁdō·rêšcaresH1875
√ dârash — properly, to tread or frequentVerbQalParticiplemasculine singular
dōrēš is the verse’s key word. K&D: “a land which Jehovah inquired after, i.e., for which He cared (דּרשׁ, as in Proverbs 31:13; Job 3:4).” The land’s dependence is matched by God’s active seeking.
אֹתָ֑הּ’ō·ṯāhH853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object markerthird person feminine singular
עֵינֵ֨י‘ê·nêthe eyesH5869
√ ʻayin — an eye (literally or figuratively)Nouncdc
‘ênê, “the eyes of” — God’s providence figured as sight. The land is “under the personal supervision and providence of God” (Cambridge), making it a fit home for a people equally dependent on Him.
יְהוָ֤הYah·wehof the LORDH3068
√ Yᵉhôvâh — Jehovah, Jewish national name of GodNounpropermasculine singular
אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙’ĕ·lō·he·ḵāyour GodH430
√ ʼĕlôhîym — gods in the ordinary senseNounmasculine plural constructsecond person masculine singular
תָּמִ֗ידtā·mîḏare alwaysH8548
√ tâmîyd — properly, continuance (as indefinite extension)Adverb
tāmîḏ, “continually” — qualified by the temporal frame “from the beginning of the year to the end”: every season’s need is met in its season (cf. vv. 14–15).
בָּ֔הּbāhon it
Prepositionthird person feminine singular
מֵֽרֵשִׁית֙mê·rê·šîṯfrom the beginningH7225
√ rêʼshîyth — the first, in place, time, order or rank (specifically, a firstfruit)Preposition-mNounfeminine singular construct
mê-rēšîṯ, “from the beginning / firstfruit” (root rēʼšîṯ) — the same root as “firstfruits”; here it marks the year’s opening, paired with ’aḥărîṯ, “the end / latter part,” to enclose the whole agricultural cycle under God’s eye.
וְעַ֖דwə·‘aḏtoH5704
√ ʻad — as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)Conjunctive wawPreposition
אַחֲרִ֥ית’a·ḥă·rîṯthe endH319
√ ʼachărîyth — the last or end, hence, the futureNounfeminine singular construct
שָׁנָֽה׃סšā·nāh. . .H8141
√ shâneh — a year (as a revolution of time)Nounfeminine singular
הַשָּׁנָ֔הhaš·šā·nāhof the yearH8141
√ shâneh — a year (as a revolution of time)ArticleNounfeminine singular
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It was a land which Jehovah inquired after, i.e., for which He cared (דּרשׁ, as in Proverbs 31:13 ; Job 3:4 ); His eyes were always directed towards it from the beginning of the year to the end; a land, therefore, which was dependent upon God, and in this dependence upon God peculiarly adapted to Israel
a land which the Lord thy God careth for ] lit. seeketh after . The verb is used both in the sense of resort to or frequent ( Deuteronomy 12:5 , with another construction, Amos 5:5 ), or investigate ( Deuteronomy 13:14 (15), Deuteronomy 17:4 , Deuteronomy 19:18 ), or to visit so as to care for
Cambridge’s lexical survey of dāraš; ‘visit so as to care for’ is its chosen sense here.
It is difficult not to think of the better land in this description, and of our Saviour’s promise, “I go to prepare a place for you.” There “the poor and needy” shall not “ seek water,” for “He shall lead them to living fountains of water.” They shall “hunger no more, neither thirst any more.”
Ellicott reads the cared-for land toward the heavenly inheritance; quoted as a typological voice.
It was a land on which Jehovah's regard was continually fixed, over which he watched with unceasing care, and which was sustained by his bounty; a land, therefore, wholly dependent on him, and so a fitting place for a people also wholly dependent on him, who owed to his grace all that they were and had.
13“So if you carefully obey the commandments I am giving you today,…”+

13So if you carefully obey the commandments I am giving you today, to love the LORD your God and to serve Him with all your heart and with all your soul,

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Hebrew — tap a word ↓

wə·hā·yāh ’im- šā·mō·a‘ tiš·mə·‘ū ’el- miṣ·wō·ṯay ’ă·šer ’ā·nō·ḵî mə·ṣaw·weh ’eṯ·ḵem hay·yō·wm lə·’a·hă·ḇāh ’eṯ- Yah·weh ’ĕ·lō·hê·ḵem ū·lə·‘ā·ḇə·ḏōw bə·ḵāl lə·ḇaḇ·ḵem ū·ḇə·ḵāl nap̄·šə·ḵem

Literal — word-for-word from the original

“And-it-shall-be, if hearing you-will-hear unto my-commandments that I-myself am-commanding you the-day — to-love YHWH your-God and-to-serve-him with-all your-heart and-with-all your-soul —”

Where the English smooths the original

  • שָׁמֹעַ Hebrew doubles the verb — šāmōa‘ tišmə‘ū, infinitive-absolute + finite, literally “hearing you will hear.” This intensive construction is what BSB compresses into the adverb “carefully obey.” The idiom stresses wholehearted, attentive listening — and šāma‘ means “to hear so as to obey,” the same verb that opens the Shema (Deuteronomy 6:4).
  • מִצְוֺתַי Here the suffix is first-person — miṣwōṯay, “my commandments.” Cambridge flags the shift of speaker: “my commandments can only mean God’s,” so Moses’ voice and God’s have merged. BSB’s “the commandments I am giving you” keeps Moses; the Hebrew lets God speak in the first person.
  • לְאַהֲבָה lə-’ahăḇāh, “to love” (root ’āhaḇ) — obedience is defined as love, not bare compliance. The infinitive purposes the whole command: the hearing of v. 13 exists in order to love and serve. This is the Shema’s heart-language transplanted into the blessing-clause.
Word by word20 · parsed+
וְהָיָ֗הwə·hā·yāhSoH1961
√ hâyâh — to exist, iConjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectthird person masculine singular
wə-hāyāh, “and it shall come to pass” — the formal opening of the sanction: rewards (vv. 14–15) and, by contrast, the curse (vv. 16–17). Ellicott: “At this point begins the formal sanction of this charge by a declaration of rewards and punishments.”
אִם־’im-ifH518
√ ʼim — used very widely as demonstrative, lo!Conjunction
שָׁמֹ֤עַšā·mō·a‘you carefully obeyH8085
√ shâmaʻ — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etcVerbQalInfinitive absolute
šāmōa‘, the doubled hear — the covenant verb. To “hear” in Deuteronomy is already to obey; the intensive form makes obedience whole-souled.
תִּשְׁמְעוּ֙tiš·mə·‘ū. . .H8085
√ shâmaʻ — to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etcVerbQalImperfectsecond person masculine plural
אֶל־’el-. . .H413
√ ʼêl — near, with or amongPreposition
מִצְוֺתַ֔יmiṣ·wō·ṯaythe commandmentsH4687
√ mitsvâh — a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the Law)Nounfeminine plural constructfirst person common singular
אֲשֶׁ֧ר’ă·šerH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
אָנֹכִ֛י’ā·nō·ḵîIH595
√ ʼânôkîy — IPronounfirst person common singular
מְצַוֶּ֥הmə·ṣaw·weham giving you todayH6680
√ tsâvâh — (intensively) to constitute, enjoinVerbPielParticiplemasculine singular
אֶתְכֶ֖ם’eṯ·ḵemH853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object markersecond person masculine plural
הַיּ֑וֹםhay·yō·wmH3117
√ yôwm — a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)ArticleNounmasculine singular
לְאַהֲבָ֞הlə·’a·hă·ḇāhto loveH157
√ ʼâhab — to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)Preposition-lVerbQalInfinitive constructthird person feminine singular
lə-’ahăḇāh, “to love” — echoing Deuteronomy 6:5 and 10:12. Gill: this “includes the whole service of God… performed from a principle of love to him, and in sincerity and truth.”
אֶת־’eṯ-H853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object marker
יְהוָ֤הYah·wehthe LORDH3068
√ Yᵉhôvâh — Jehovah, Jewish national name of GodNounpropermasculine singular
אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם֙’ĕ·lō·hê·ḵemyour GodH430
√ ʼĕlôhîym — gods in the ordinary senseNounmasculine plural constructsecond person masculine plural
וּלְעָבְד֔וֹū·lə·‘ā·ḇə·ḏōwand to serve HimH5647
√ ʻâbad — to work (in any sense)Conjunctive waw, Preposition-lVerbQalInfinitive constructthird person masculine singular
בְּכָל־bə·ḵālwith allH3605
√ kôl — properly, the wholePreposition-bNounmasculine singular construct
לְבַבְכֶ֖םlə·ḇaḇ·ḵemyour heartH3824
√ lêbâb — the heart (as the most interior organ)Nounmasculine singular constructsecond person masculine plural
ləḇaḇḵemnapšəḵem, “your heart … your soul” — the Shema’s pairing (Deuteronomy 6:5). The heart (lēḇāḇ, the inmost organ of will and thought) and soul (nepeš, the breathing life) together name the total person enlisted in love and service.
וּבְכָל־ū·ḇə·ḵāland with allH3605
√ kôl — properly, the wholeConjunctive waw, Preposition-bNounmasculine singular construct
נַפְשְׁכֶֽם׃nap̄·šə·ḵemyour soulH5315
√ nephesh — properly, a breathing creature, iNounfeminine singular constructsecond person masculine plural
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It shall come to pass. —At this point begins the formal sanction of this charge by a declaration of rewards and punishments. Such sanctions are a characteristic feature of the Law.
to love the Lord your God, and to serve him with all your heart, and with all your soul; see Deuteronomy 10:12 . Jarchi interprets this of prayer; but it is not to be restrained to that only, but includes the whole service of God, in all the parts of it, performed from a principle of love to him, and in sincerity and truth.
it also changes the speaker ( my commandments can only mean God’s). It is evidently inserted by an editor (so too Steuern. and Bertholet) (who also altered the opening of the next verse, q.v. ) because he thought it again necessary to safeguard the promise by repeating the usual deuteronomic condition.
Cambridge notes the first-person ‘my commandments’ as a shift of speaker to God.
14“then I will provide rain for your land in season, the autumn and…”+

14then I will provide rain for your land in season, the autumn and spring rains, that you may gather your grain, new wine, and oil.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

wə·nā·ṯat·tî mə·ṭar- ’ar·ṣə·ḵem bə·‘it·tōw yō·w·reh ū·mal·qō·wōš wə·’ā·sap̄·tā ḏə·ḡā·ne·ḵā wə·ṯî·rō·šə·ḵā wə·yiṣ·hā·re·ḵā

Literal — word-for-word from the original

“then-I-will-give the-rain of-your-land in-its-season, the-early-rain and-the-latter-rain, and-you-shall-gather your-grain and-your-new-wine and-your-fresh-oil.”

Where the English smooths the original

  • וְנָתַתִּי wə-nāṯattî — “then I will give,” first person: God Himself is the giver of rain. Cambridge notes the older witnesses (Samaritan, LXX, Vulgate) read “he will give,” connecting back to v. 12; the received Hebrew puts the promise in God’s own mouth. Either way the rain is a gift, not a mechanism.
  • יוֹרֶה yôreh (“early/autumn rain,” root “to sprinkle, pour”) and malqôš (“latter/spring rain”) are two distinct technical terms BSB folds into “the autumn and spring rains.” These are rare, weighty agricultural words: yôreh occurs in only two verses, malqôš in eight — their precision is the link to Jeremiah 5:24 (see Threads).
  • וְתִירֹשְׁךָ The triad is dāḡān (grain/increase), tîrôš (must, fresh-pressed grape-juice), yiṣhār (fresh oil, “as producing light”) — the classic harvest-triad of the land. BSB’s “grain, new wine, and oil” is faithful; tîrôš and yiṣhār name the produce at the press, the firstfruit stage, not the finished goods.
Word by word10 · parsed+
וְנָתַתִּ֧יwə·nā·ṯat·tîthen I will provideH5414
√ nâthan — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etcConjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectfirst person common singular
wə-nāṯattî, “and I will give” (root nāṯan) — the apodosis answering v. 13’s “if”: love-and-serve, then rain in season. The blessing is rain, the means of every other harvest.
מְטַֽר־mə·ṭar-rainH4306
√ mâṭar — rainNounmasculine singular construct
אַרְצְכֶ֛ם’ar·ṣə·ḵemfor your landH776
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)Nounfeminine singular constructsecond person masculine plural
בְּעִתּ֖וֹbə·‘it·tōwin seasonH6256
√ ʻêth — time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etcPreposition-bNouncommon singular constructthird person masculine singular
bə-‘ittô, “in its season” (root ‘ēṯ) — rain’s value is its timing; the same root frames the year-round care of v. 12. Cf. Leviticus 26:4, “rain in its season.”
יוֹרֶ֣הyō·w·rehthe autumn and spring rainsH3138
√ yôwreh — sprinklingNounmasculine singular
yôreh, the early rain — Barnes: the autumn rain at sowing-time, “in the early part of the Hebrew civil year, namely, in October and November,” which prepares and roots the seed.
וּמַלְק֑וֹשׁū·mal·qō·wōš. . .H4456
√ malqôwsh — the spring rainConjunctive wawNounmasculine singular
ū-malqôš, the latter rain — the spring showers of March–April that swell the grain before harvest; Cambridge: “Coming as they do when the grain is ripening… they are of far more importance to the country than all the rains of the winter months.”
וְאָסַפְתָּ֣wə·’ā·sap̄·tāthat you may gatherH622
√ ʼâçaph — to gather for any purposeConjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine singular
wə-’āsap̄tā, “and you shall gather” — Ellicott preserves Rashi’s pointed gloss: “thou, and not thine enemies” (cf. Isaiah 62:8–9), the ingathering itself a covenant blessing, not a given.
דְגָנֶ֔ךָḏə·ḡā·ne·ḵāyour grainH1715
√ dâgân — properly, increase, iNounmasculine singular constructsecond person masculine singular
וְתִֽירֹשְׁךָ֖wə·ṯî·rō·šə·ḵānew wineH8492
√ tîyrôwsh — must or fresh grape-juice (as just squeezed out)Conjunctive wawNounmasculine singular constructsecond person masculine singular
וְיִצְהָרֶֽךָ׃wə·yiṣ·hā·re·ḵāand oilH3323
√ yitshâr — oil (as producing light)Conjunctive wawNounmasculine singular constructsecond person masculine singular
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The first rain and the latter rain - The former is the proper term for the autumn rain, falling about the time of sowing, and which may be named "the former," as occurring in the early part of the Hebrew civil year, namely, in October and November. The other word is applied to the spring rain, which falls in March and April, because it fits the earth for the ingathering of harvest.
That thou mayest gather in. —Literally, and thou shalt gather in. Rashi reminds us that this may mean “thou, and not thine enemies.” “ They that have gathered it shall eat it” ( Isaiah 62:8-9 ).
The latter rains , Heb. malḳosh , from a root meaning to be late , are the heavy showers of March and April. Coming as they do when the grain is ripening, and being the last before the long summer drought, they are of far more importance to the country than all the rains of the winter months
Quoting G. A. Smith, ‘Historical Geography of the Holy Land,’ on the malqôš.
I will give you — Moses here personates God; or, rather, God speaks by him. The rain of your land — Which is proper to your land, and not common to Egypt, where there is little rain. The first rain and the latter rain — In Judea and the neighbouring countries there is seldom any rain, save at two seasons, about the autumnal and vernal equinox, called the former and latter rain.
15“And I will provide grass in the fields for your livestock, and y…”+

15And I will provide grass in the fields for your livestock, and you will eat and be satisfied.

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Hebrew — tap a word ↓

wə·nā·ṯat·tî ‘ê·śeḇ bə·śā·ḏə·ḵā liḇ·hem·te·ḵā wə·’ā·ḵal·tā wə·śā·ḇā·‘ə·tā

Literal — word-for-word from the original

“and-I-will-give herbage in-your-field for-your-cattle, and-you-shall-eat and-be-satisfied.”

Where the English smooths the original

  • עֵשֶׂב ‘ēśeḇ is “herbage / any tender shoot,” a broader word than English “grass.” Cambridge: “rather, herbage (‘esĕb), including grass.” The provision is the green growth that feeds livestock — a second tier of the rain-blessing of v. 14, descending now to the beasts.
  • וְשָׂבָעְתָּ wə-śāḇā‘tā (root śāḇa‘, “to be sated, full”) is more than “be satisfied” in the modern emotional sense — it is the fullness of a body well-fed to the point of nothing wanting. Ellicott, citing the Jewish writer, marks it as “a further blessing, which belongs to the food itself… It is possible to eat and not be satisfied.”
Word by word6 · parsed+
וְנָתַתִּ֛יwə·nā·ṯat·tîAnd I will provideH5414
√ nâthan — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etcConjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectfirst person common singular
wə-nāṯattî repeats v. 14’s “and I will give” — the blessing cascades: rain → grain/wine/oil for man → herbage for beast. As with v. 14, the older witnesses (Samaritan, LXX-B) read “he will give.”
עֵ֥שֶׂב‘ê·śeḇgrassH6212
√ ʻeseb — grass (or any tender shoot)Nounmasculine singular
‘ēśeḇ, “herbage” — provision for the cattle (bəhēmāh), so that the blessing reaches the whole household economy, not only the human table (cf. Psalm 104:14).
בְּשָׂדְךָ֖bə·śā·ḏə·ḵāin the fieldsH7704
√ sâdeh — a field (as flat)Preposition-bNounmasculine singular constructsecond person masculine singular
לִבְהֶמְתֶּ֑ךָliḇ·hem·te·ḵāfor your livestockH929
√ bᵉhêmâh — properly, a dumb beastPreposition-lNounfeminine singular constructsecond person masculine singular
וְאָכַלְתָּ֖wə·’ā·ḵal·tāand you will eatH398
√ ʼâkal — to eat (literally or figuratively)Conjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine singular
וְשָׂבָֽעְתָּ׃wə·śā·ḇā·‘ə·tāand be satisfiedH7646
√ sâbaʻ — to sate, iConjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine singular
wə-śāḇā‘tā, “and you shall be full/sated” — the climax of the blessing, satiety. The same verb-pair “eat and be full” recurs in Deuteronomy 6:11 and 8:10, where it carries a warning: fullness is the very moment v. 16 then guards against.
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That thou mayest eat and to full. —The same writer observes that “ this is a further blessing, which belongs to the food itself in man’s inward parts.” It is possible to eat and not be satisfied.
grass ] rather, herbage ( ‘esĕb ), including grass ( dĕshĕ’ ); for cattle as here, Jeremiah 14:6 , Psalm 106:20 ; but of human food, Genesis 3:18 . shalt eat and be full ] Deuteronomy 6:11 ( q.v. ), Deuteronomy 8:10 ; Deuteronomy 8:12 as here
that thou mayest eat and be full; which refers to the preceding verse as well as to this; and the sense is, that the Israelites might eat of and enjoy the fruits of the earth to satiety; namely, their corn, wine, and oil; and that their cattle might have grass enough to supply them with.
16“But be careful that you are not enticed to turn aside to worship…”+

16But be careful that you are not enticed to turn aside to worship and bow down to other gods,

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

hiš·šā·mə·rū lā·ḵem pen yip̄·teh lə·ḇaḇ·ḵem wə·sar·tem wa·‘ă·ḇaḏ·tem wə·hiš·ta·ḥă·wî·ṯem lā·hem ’ă·ḥê·rîm ’ĕ·lō·hîm

Literal — word-for-word from the original

Guard yourselves, lest your-heart be-enticed, and-you-turn-aside and-serve other gods and-bow-down to-them —”

Where the English smooths the original

  • הִשָּׁמְרוּ hiššāmərū is the Niphal imperative of šāmar — the same verb that opened the unit (“you shall keep,” v. 8), now turned reflexively: “guard yourselves.” BSB’s “be careful” is right but loses the deliberate bracket: the keeping of the commandment (v. 8) and the keeping of the self (v. 16) are one watchword.
  • יִפְתֶּה yip̄teh (root pāṯāh) means literally “to be opened” — Pulpit: “a mind open to impressions from without is easily persuaded… the word came to signify to induce in a good sense, or to seduce in a bad sense.” BSB’s “enticed” catches the bad sense; the root’s picture is of a heart left open, undefended, and so led astray.
  • וְסַרְתֶּם wə-sartem (root sûr, “to turn off / aside”) names apostasy as a turning — leaving the path of the one command (v. 8). Gill: “from the true God, and the worship of him; or from the law… which directs to the worship of one God.” The three verbs that follow (turn aside, serve, bow down) trace the full descent into idolatry.
Word by word11 · parsed+
הִשָּֽׁמְר֣וּhiš·šā·mə·rūBut be carefulH8104
√ shâmar — properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), iVerbNifalImperativemasculine plural
hiššāmərū, “guard yourselves” — the hinge from blessing to warning. Ellicott: “Take heed to yourselves —i.e., when you are satisfied” (cf. Deuteronomy 8:10–11); the danger is precisely at the moment of fullness (v. 15).
לָכֶ֔םlā·ḵem
Prepositionsecond person masculine plural
פֶּ֥ןpenthat you are notH6435
√ pên — properly, removalConjunction
יִפְתֶּ֖הyip̄·tehenticedH6601
√ pâthâh — to open, iVerbQalImperfectthird person masculine singular
yip̄teh, “be enticed/opened” — the seduction is inward, of the heart; Poole warns of the “specious pretenses of idolaters” whose arguments “might possibly seduce an unwary Israelite.”
לְבַבְכֶ֑םlə·ḇaḇ·ḵem. . .H3824
√ lêbâb — the heart (as the most interior organ)Nounmasculine singular constructsecond person masculine plural
וְסַרְתֶּ֗םwə·sar·temto turn asideH5493
√ çûwr — to turn off (literal or figurative)Conjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine plural
וַעֲבַדְתֶּם֙wa·‘ă·ḇaḏ·temto worshipH5647
√ ʻâbad — to work (in any sense)Conjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine plural
wa-‘ăḇaḏtem, “and you serve” — the same root ‘āḇaḏ used for serving YHWH (v. 13); the warning is that the very faculty made to serve God can be bent to serve idols.
וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖םwə·hiš·ta·ḥă·wî·ṯemand bow downH7812
√ shâchâh — to depress, iConjunctive wawVerbHitpaelConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine plural
לָהֶֽם׃lā·hem
Prepositionthird person masculine plural
אֲחֵרִ֔ים’ă·ḥê·rîmto otherH312
√ ʼachêr — properly, hinderAdjectivemasculine plural
’ăḥērîm’ĕlōhîm, “other gods” — the Cambridge editors identify these concretely as “the Baalim, already regarded in the land as the authors of its fertility”: the temptation is to credit the land’s rain and harvest to Canaan’s storm-gods rather than to YHWH.
אֱלֹהִ֣ים’ĕ·lō·hîmgodsH430
√ ʼĕlôhîym — gods in the ordinary senseNounmasculine plural
The Voices✦ public domain+
That your heart be not deceived ; literally, lest your heart be enticed or seduced ( יִפְתָה ). The verb means primarily to be open, and as a mind open to impressions from without is easily persuaded, moved either to good or evil, the word came to signify to induce in a good sense, or to seduce in a bad sense.
That your heart be not deceived by the specious pretenses of idolaters, who will plead the general consent of all nations, except yours, in the worship of creatures, and that they worship the creatures only for God’s sake, and as they are glorious works of God, whom they worship in and by them
a warning against being deceived into attributing it to other gods, i.e. the Baalim, already regarded in the land as the authors of its fertility, and worshipping them.
Identifies the ‘other gods’ as the fertility-Baalim of Canaan.
By observing the influence of the heavens upon the fruitfulness of the earth, and so be drawn to the worship of the host of them, the sun, moon, and stars; or by the examples of nations round about them; and by the plausible arguments they may make use of, taken from the traditions of ancestors
17“or the anger of the LORD will be kindled against you. He will sh…”+

17or the anger of the LORD will be kindled against you. He will shut the heavens so that there will be no rain, nor will the land yield its produce, and you will soon perish from the good land that the LORD is giving you.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

’ap̄- Yah·weh wə·ḥā·rāh bā·ḵem wə·‘ā·ṣar ’eṯ- haš·šā·ma·yim yih·yeh wə·lō- mā·ṭār lō wə·hā·’ă·ḏā·māh ṯit·tên ’eṯ- yə·ḇū·lāh wa·’ă·ḇaḏ·tem mə·hê·rāh mê·‘al haṭ·ṭō·ḇāh hā·’ā·reṣ ’ă·šer Yah·weh nō·ṯên lā·ḵem

Literal — word-for-word from the original

“and-the-anger of-YHWH will-be-kindled against-you, and-he-will-shut-up the-heavens so-there-be no rain, and-the-ground will-not give its-produce, and-you-will-perish quickly from-upon the-good land that YHWH [is] giving to-you.”

Where the English smooths the original

  • אַף ’ap̄ is literally “nose / nostril” — and so, by the flaring of the nostrils, “anger.” Paired with wə-ḥārāh (“to grow hot, glow”), the idiom is concrete: the LORD’s nose burns. BSB’s abstract “the anger… will be kindled” renders the sense but loses the vivid physiology of divine wrath.
  • וְעָצַר wə-‘āṣar (root ‘āṣar, “to enclose, shut up, restrain”) pictures heaven as a storehouse God can close. Poole gathers the biblical image: heaven “compared… to a great storehouse, wherein God lays up his treasures of rain… the doors whereof God is said to open when he gives rain, and to shut when he withholds it.”
  • וַאֲבַדְתֶּם wa-’ăḇaḏtem (root ’āḇaḏ, “to wander away, be lost, perish”) with məhērāh, “quickly” — the verse ends on the threat of swift ruin. There is a grim wordplay: the same consonants underlie “serve” (‘āḇaḏ, v. 16) and “perish” (’āḇaḏ) — to serve other gods is to be lost. BSB’s “you will soon perish” is exact in sense; the root’s nuance is going astray to destruction.
Word by word24 · parsed+
אַף־’ap̄-or the angerH639
√ ʼaph — properly, the nose or nostrilNounmasculine singular construct
’ap̄, “anger / nostril” — the curse-clause answering the blessing of vv. 14–15. The withholding of rain is the precise reversal of the gift: same heaven, now shut.
יְהוָ֜הYah·wehof the LORDH3068
√ Yᵉhôvâh — Jehovah, Jewish national name of GodNounpropermasculine singular
וְחָרָ֨הwə·ḥā·rāhwill be kindledH2734
√ chârâh — to glow or grow warmConjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectthird person masculine singular
בָּכֶ֗םbā·ḵemagainst you
Prepositionsecond person masculine plural
וְעָצַ֤רwə·‘ā·ṣarHe will shutH6113
√ ʻâtsâr — to incloseConjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectthird person masculine singular
wə-‘āṣar, “he will shut up” — Pulpit: “The heaven conceived as a womb” (Schulz); the want of rain was the standard sign of divine displeasure (1 Kings 8:35; Zechariah 14:17; Revelation 11:6).
אֶת־’eṯ-H853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object marker
הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙haš·šā·ma·yimthe heavensH8064
√ shâmayim — the sky (as aloftArticleNounmasculine plural
יִהְיֶ֣הyih·yehso that there will beH1961
√ hâyâh — to exist, iVerbQalImperfectthird person masculine singular
וְלֹֽא־wə·lō-noH3808
√ lôʼ — not (the simple or absConjunctive wawAdverbNegative particle
מָטָ֔רmā·ṭārrainH4306
√ mâṭar — rainNounmasculine singular
לֹ֥אnor willH3808
√ lôʼ — not (the simple or absAdverbNegative particle
וְהָ֣אֲדָמָ֔הwə·hā·’ă·ḏā·māhthe landH127
√ ʼădâmâh — soil (from its general redness)Conjunctive waw, ArticleNounfeminine singular
wə-hā-’ăḏāmāh, “and the ground” — the same ’ăḏāmāh on which long life was promised (v. 9) now fails to yield; the soil’s fruitfulness was never autonomous, always contingent on covenant faithfulness.
תִתֵּ֖ןṯit·tênyieldH5414
√ nâthan — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etcVerbQalImperfectthird person feminine singular
אֶת־’eṯ-H853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object marker
יְבוּלָ֑הּyə·ḇū·lāhits produceH2981
√ yᵉbûwl — produce, iNounmasculine singular constructthird person feminine singular
וַאֲבַדְתֶּ֣םwa·’ă·ḇaḏ·temand you will soon perishH6
√ ʼâbad — properly, to wander away, iConjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine plural
מְהֵרָ֗הmə·hê·rāh. . .H4120
√ mᵉhêrâh — properly, a hurryAdverb
מֵעַל֙mê·‘alfromH5921
√ ʻal — above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applicationsPreposition-m
הַטֹּבָ֔הhaṭ·ṭō·ḇāhthe goodH2896
√ ṭôwb — good (as an adjective) in the widest senseArticleAdjectivefeminine singular
haṭ-ṭōḇāh, “the good” — the land is still called good even in the threat of expulsion; the tragedy is losing a good gift, and Poole notes later writers who found Canaan barren saw the very curse threatened here (Psalm 107:34).
הָאָ֣רֶץhā·’ā·reṣlandH776
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)ArticleNounfeminine singular
אֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šerthatH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
יְהוָ֖הYah·wehthe LORDH3068
√ Yᵉhôvâh — Jehovah, Jewish national name of GodNounpropermasculine singular
נֹתֵ֥ןnō·ṯênis givingH5414
√ nâthan — to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etcVerbQalParticiplemasculine singular
nōṯēn, “is giving” — a participle: even as the warning is spoken, the gift is in God’s present, ongoing hand. The land is being given now; the threat is that it could as swiftly be withdrawn.
לָכֶֽם׃lā·ḵemyou
Prepositionsecond person masculine plural
The Voices✦ public domain+
Heaven is compared sometimes to a bottle, Job 38:37 , which may be either stopped or opened; sometimes to a great storehouse, wherein God lays up his treasures of rain, Job 38:22 Psalm 33:7 , the doors whereof God is said to open when he gives rain, and to shut when he withholds it. See 1 Kings 8:35 2 Chronicles 6:26 7:13 .
and he shut up the heaven, that there be no rain; the treasures and storehouses of it there, or the windows of it, the clouds, which when opened let it down, but when shut withhold it
Trimmed at a clause break to keep the excerpt a single contiguous run; a parenthetical ‘(k)’ citation follows in the original.
He shut up the heaven . "The heaven conceived as a womb" (Schulz); cf. Genesis 16:2 . The want of rain was regarded as a sign of the Divine displeasure and as a curse ( 1 Kings 8:35 ; Zechariah 14:17 ; Revelation 11:6 ).
But if, on the other hand, their heart was foolish to turn away from the Lord and serve other gods, the wrath of the Lord would burn against them, and God would shut up the heaven, that no rain should fall and the earth should yield no produce, and they would speedily perish (cf. Leviticus 26:19-20 , and Deuteronomy 28:23-24 ).

The verse-by-verse work is done. What follows gathers the whole unit. All three layers below are machine-generated (⚙). Weigh them; they have no authority.

Grand Commentary — the unit, read wholesynthesis · verify+

AI synthesis — woven from the public-domain voices above and the original text; generated and fallible.

i. The one commandment, and the strength it gives — 8–9

The unit opens, as Moses’ exhortations always do, on the verb šāmar — “guard, keep” (v. 8) — and Ellicott catches a detail the English flattens: the object is singular, ham-miṣwāh, the commandment. “It is one course of action rather than many details which is enjoined.” The Cambridge editors agree it is “the Miṣwah” of Deuteronomy 6:1 and 7:11 — the whole Law gathered into a single charge. And the promise attached to it is two-fold and ordered: strength to enter (v. 8) and length of days to remain (v. 9). Keil & Delitzsch insist the strength meant is not muscle but spirit — “spiritually strong” — the very ḥāzaq that arms Joshua three times over for the same conquest. The ground of it all is an oath already sworn (nišba‘, v. 9), so that, as Gill puts it, “they might be assured of the enjoyment of it, though they could not be of their continuance in it, unless they obeyed.”

ii. Not like Egypt — a land that drinks from heaven — 10–12

Here is the heart of the passage, and its most concrete image. Canaan, Moses says, is not like the land of Egypt, where “you would sow your seed and water it with your foot, like a garden of herbs” (v. 10). The commentators pour out their travel-notes on that phrase bə-raḡləḵā, “with your foot” — Poole’s “great pains and labour of thy feet,” the Pulpit Commentary’s eyewitness gardener who “pushes aside the sandy soil… with his foot,” Gill’s canals and tread-wheels. The point of all the detail is theological, and Barnes names it: Egypt is “fit emblem… of the world of nature in distinction from the world of grace,” fertile by “human ingenuity and capital.” Canaan is the opposite: a land of mountains and valleys that drinks the rain of heaven (v. 11). K&D catch the grammar — the little lə- before māṭar marks rain as “the external cause,” so the land lives “through the providential care of God.” And v. 12 crowns it with a word BSB renders too gently: the LORD does not merely care for this land — dōrēš, He seeks after it (Cambridge: “lit. seeketh after”), His eyes upon it tāmîḏ, continually, the year around. A dependent land for a dependent people.

iii. If you love and serve — the rain in its season — 13–15

Verse 13 opens the formal sanction (Ellicott: “the formal sanction of this charge by a declaration of rewards and punishments”), and it does so in the Shema’s own language: love the LORD, serve Him “with all your heart and with all your soul” (cf. Deuteronomy 6:5). The reward is rain — but rain named with rare precision: yôreh and malqôš, the early and the latter rain (v. 14). Barnes dates them — autumn for the sowing, spring for the harvest — and Cambridge, quoting G. A. Smith, marks the latter rain as “of far more importance to the country than all the rains of the winter months,” because it comes “when the grain is ripening.” Ellicott keeps Rashi’s sharp gloss on the gathering: “thou, and not thine enemies.” Then the blessing descends a tier — herbage for the cattle (v. 15) — and lands on a single word, wə-śāḇā‘tā, “and you shall be full.” It is the same “eat and be full” of Deuteronomy 8:10, and the same fullness that the next verse will treat as a danger.

iv. Guard yourselves — the shut heaven — 16–17

The hinge turns on a verb. Hiššāmərū — “guard yourselves” (v. 16) — is the Niphal of the very šāmar that opened the unit at v. 8. Keeping the commandment and keeping the self are one watchword, and the danger comes precisely at the point of satiety (Ellicott: “Take heed to yourselves —i.e., when you are satisfied”). The heart, says the Pulpit Commentary on yip̄teh, is in peril of being left “open” and so “seduced” — and Cambridge names the seducers concretely: “the Baalim, already regarded in the land as the authors of its fertility.” That is the exact trap: to thank Canaan’s storm-gods for Canaan’s rain. The penalty answers the blessing in kind. The God who gives rain (v. 14) will shut up the heavens (v. 17) — Poole’s “great storehouse… the doors whereof God is said to open when he gives rain, and to shut when he withholds it.” And the unit ends on wa-’ăḇaḏtem, “you shall perish,” a hair’s breadth in sound from wa-‘ăḇaḏtem, “you shall serve,” of v. 16: to serve other gods is to be lost from the good land — still called good even in the threat of losing it.

v. Read under Sola Scriptura — this tool’s own fallible reading (⚙) — 8–17

Set against the rule that Scripture alone is the final authority, three things in this unit stand out — offered as a reading to be tested, not a verdict to be trusted. First, the whole Law is one charge, not a menu. Ellicott’s observation that the “commandment” is singular guards against the cafeteria-religion that picks and keeps. The covenant is an undivided course of action, hung entirely on love (v. 13). Second, dependence is the point of the geography. God deliberately led Israel from a land that runs on human engineering (Egypt, watered “with the foot”) to a land that runs on heaven’s gift — so that the very rainfall would teach faith. The lesson is not that work is bad but that the harvest is grace; the cracked summer soil waiting on the autumn rain is a parable of every life that waits on God. Third, the gravest danger is at the table of plenty, not the edge of want. The warning of v. 16 lands not in famine but in fullness (v. 15) — the moment most likely to make a heart credit the gift to something other than the Giver. Scripture’s own pastoral instinct is that prosperity, not poverty, is where idolatry most easily grows.

That reading is this tool’s own (⚙), not a verse. Test it against the text; keep what the Word supports.

Read under Sola Scriptura — this tool’s own fallible reading (⚙)

Under Sola Scriptura, Deuteronomy 11:8–17 reads as one argument: the same God who gives the rain can shut the heaven, and the land that drinks from heaven was chosen precisely so that a redeemed people would learn to live by gift rather than by their own hand. The whole Law is gathered into one commandment (Ellicott’s singular miṣwāh), that one commandment is defined as love (v. 13), and the great peril is named not at the moment of hunger but at the moment of fullness (v. 16) — the table being the place where hearts most quietly forget the Giver. This is offered as a fallible reading, to be weighed against the text, not received on this tool’s authority.

The land was made to drink from heaven so that the people would learn to live from heaven — and the most dangerous hour is not the drought, but the full table.

Canonical Threads — out to the whole of Scripturecross-refs · verify+

AI-generated connections. Each carries a verification badge with a recorded basis; contested links are flagged.

“The early rain and the latter rain” → Jeremiah 5:24 verbal / quotation — confirmed

Verse 14’s twin rains — yôreh and malqôš — recur together in Jeremiah 5:24, where the prophet indicts a people who do not say in their heart, “Let us fear the LORD our God, who gives rain, both the autumn and the spring rain in its season.” The shared vocabulary is rare and load-bearing: yôreh appears in only two verses in the whole Hebrew Bible, malqôš in eight, and both stand here beside the same verb nāṯan (“give”) and the same phrase bə-‘ittô (“in its season”). Jeremiah is, in effect, preaching Deuteronomy 11 back to a generation that took the rain for granted — the very ingratitude this unit warns against.

Deuteronomy 11:14 · Jeremiah 5:24

basis: Rare shared lexemes: H3138 yôwreh (in only 2 vv) + H4456 malqôwsh (in 8 vv), with H6256 ʻêth (‘in its season’) and H5414 nâthan (‘give’) — Verifier-computed; the low frequency of yôwreh/malqôš makes this a true verbal link, not a generic motif.

“A land flowing with milk and honey” → Exodus 3:8 → Jeremiah 31:12 verbal / quotation — confirmed

The formula of v. 9 (zāḇaṯ ḥālāḇ ū-ḏəḇāš, “flowing milk and honey”) is the recurring badge of the promised land, sworn first at the burning bush (Exodus 3:8) and carried through the prophets. Cambridge sends the reader straight back: “See above on Deuteronomy 6:3; and the note to Exodus 3:8.” The same agricultural triad of v. 14 — grain, new wine (tîrôš), and fresh oil (yiṣhār) — reappears in Jeremiah 31:12, where the restored people “shall flow to the goodness of the LORD… the grain, the new wine, and the oil.” The land’s abundance is, from Exodus to the prophets, a single covenant promise.

Deuteronomy 11:9 · Deuteronomy 11:14 · Exodus 3:8 · Jeremiah 31:12

basis: Exodus 3:8 shares H2100 zûwb + H2461 châlâb + H1706 dᵉbash (the fixed ‘flowing milk and honey’ formula). Jeremiah 31:12 shares the harvest-triad H1715/H8492 tîyrôwsh + H3323 yitshâr with v. 14 (H1588 gan, H3323, H8492 per Verifier). Both Verifier-confirmed.

“He will shut up the heavens, that there be no rain” → 1 Kings 8:35 verbal / quotation — confirmed

The curse of v. 17 — God shutting heaven so that no rain falls — becomes the very scenario Solomon prays over at the temple’s dedication: “When the heavens are shut up and there is no rain because they have sinned against You…” (1 Kings 8:35). The deuteronomic threat is taken up as deuteronomic prayer: drought is read as covenant discipline, and the remedy is confession and turning. The shared language is concrete — māṭar (“rain”), ‘āṣar (“shut up”), šāmayim (“heaven”), and the negative — making this a direct verbal echo, not merely a shared theme.

Deuteronomy 11:17 · 1 Kings 8:35

basis: Shared lexemes per Verifier: H4306 mâṭar (rain), H6113 ʻâtsâr (shut up — relatively rare), H8064 shâmayim (heaven), H3808 lôʼ (no). The clustered ‘shut up the heavens / no rain’ wording is verbal, not generic.

“Love the LORD… with all your heart and soul” → Deuteronomy 6:5 (the Shema) structural / thematic — confirmed

Verse 13 restates the Shema almost verbatim: to love YHWH and serve Him “with all your heart and with all your soul.” The defining verbs and nouns are the same as Deuteronomy 6:5 — ’āhaḇ (love), lēḇāḇ (heart), nepeš (soul). Gill insists this is no narrow command (against Rashi’s restriction to prayer) but “the whole service of God… performed from a principle of love.” The point of the thread: the blessing-and-curse machinery of vv. 14–17 hangs entirely on the Shema. Rain is not earned by ritual but flows from love.

Deuteronomy 11:13 · Deuteronomy 6:5 · Deuteronomy 10:12

basis: Shared lexemes per Verifier: H157 ʼâhab (love), H3824 lêbâb (heart), H5315 nephesh (soul) — the Shema’s vocabulary. Common words individually, so tiered structural/thematic rather than a rare verbal quotation; the link is the deliberate re-use of the love-command pattern.

“Turn aside and serve other gods” → Deuteronomy 8:19 structural / thematic — confirmed

The warning of v. 16 — heart enticed, turning aside, serving and bowing to other gods — is the standing deuteronomic alarm, sounded in nearly identical terms at Deuteronomy 8:19 (“if you walk after other gods and serve them and bow down to them… you shall surely perish”). The shared verbs are ‘āḇaḏ (serve), šāḥāh (bow down), with ’aḥēr (other). Both passages place the warning right after a description of plenty — fullness is the recurring setting of the temptation, which is why this unit’s v. 16 follows hard on the satiety of v. 15.

Deuteronomy 11:16 · Deuteronomy 8:19

basis: Shared lexemes per Verifier: H312 ʼachêr (other), H7812 shâchâh (bow down), H5647 ʻâbad (serve) — the fixed apostasy-formula. Tiered structural/thematic: these are recurring covenant-warning words shared across many Deuteronomy passages, a pattern rather than a unique quotation.

“The latter rain” and patient faith → James 5:7 (cross-Testament) structural / thematic — confirmed

James, urging patience until the Lord’s coming, reaches for this very agricultural picture: “the farmer waits for the precious fruit of the earth, being patient about it, until it receives the early and the late rains” (James 5:7). He is reading Israel’s rain-theology forward into Christian hope: as the land waited helpless on heaven’s gift, so the church waits on God’s timing. Held honestly: this is a cross-Testament link (Greek ↔ Hebrew), so it cannot rest on a shared Strong’s number — the Verifier finds no shared original-language lexeme. The connection is genuinely thematic and almost certainly conscious on James’s part (he uses the Septuagint’s rain-vocabulary), but it is a motif carried across, not a word-for-word quotation. Tiered structural/typological, not verbal, by design.

Deuteronomy 11:14 · James 5:7

basis: Cross-Testament (Greek↔Hebrew): no shared Strong’s number is possible, and the Verifier returns none — so this is NOT tiered ‘verbal.’ The basis is the shared early-rain/latter-rain motif, which James deploys (in Septuagintal language) as an image of patient faith. Confirmed as structural/thematic, argued not asserted.

Christ in the Unittypology · verify+

AI-generated reading; weigh it against the text.

The land that drinks from heaven, and the living water ancient/widely-held

The unit’s central image — a land that does not water itself but drinks the rain of heaven (v. 11), wholly dependent on a gift from above — becomes, in the fuller light of the Gospels, a figure of the life that lives by grace. Ellicott already leans this way at v. 12, reading the cared-for land toward “the better land” and the Saviour’s promise, “I go to prepare a place for you,” where the redeemed are led “to living fountains of water” and “shall hunger no more, neither thirst any more.” Christ stands at the well and at the feast and says, “Whoever drinks of the water that I will give him will never thirst” (John 4:14), and “If anyone thirsts, let him come to Me and drink” (John 7:37). The earthly Canaan, watered only from above, is a parable of the soul watered only by Christ.

Deuteronomy 11:11 · Deuteronomy 11:12 · John 4:14 · John 7:37

The good land lost — and the rest that remains ancient/widely-held

The unit ends in warning: the people could be cut off, “perish quickly from the good land” (v. 17), the gift forfeited by an unfaithful heart. The New Testament reads this very pattern as a warning to the church. Hebrews takes the wilderness generation’s loss of the land as the type of a greater loss — and a greater promise: “if Joshua had given them rest, God would not have spoken later of another day… So then, there remains a Sabbath rest for the people of God” (Hebrews 4:8–9). The Canaan that could be lost points past itself to a rest that cannot — the rest secured not by Israel’s obedience but by Christ’s. The conditional inheritance of Deuteronomy is answered by an unforfeitable one in the Son.

Deuteronomy 11:17 · Hebrews 4:8–9 · Hebrews 3:12

“Love the LORD with all your heart” — kept at last in Christ ancient/widely-held

The command at the unit’s turning point (v. 13) — love YHWH and serve Him with all the heart and soul — is the one Jesus names “the great and first commandment” (Matthew 22:37–38), quoting the Shema this verse echoes. The Gospel’s claim is that this command, which Deuteronomy hangs every blessing upon and which Israel could never keep, is fulfilled first by Christ Himself, the only one who loved the Father wholly, and then written by the Spirit on the hearts of His people (the new-covenant promise of Jeremiah 31:33; Ezekiel 36:26–27), so that the love the Law commanded becomes the love grace gives. Held honestly: the link from this verse to Matthew is cross-Testament and thematic — Jesus quotes the Shema (Deuteronomy 6:5) rather than 11:13 specifically — but the love-command is verbally identical across both Deuteronomy passages, so the trajectory through Christ is sound.

Deuteronomy 11:13 · Matthew 22:37–38 · Jeremiah 31:33

Apparatus & Provenance

The biblical text is the Berean Standard Bible (BSB), public domain (CC0). Hebrew/Greek text, transliteration, morphology and Strong’s are transcribed from the Berean interlinear (CC0) + Strong’s lexicons (PD); the literal renderings, divergence notes, word notes and all synthesis are this tool’s own work (⚙) — fallible; verify them.

Named voices, quoted verbatim from public-domain works:

This unit (Deuteronomy 11:8–17) is Hebrew throughout; every literal rendering, transliteration, and “where the English smooths the Hebrew” note is this tool’s own work (⚙), checked against the Berean/Strong’s parses supplied in the source but fallible — verify against a standard lexicon (BDB, HALOT) and grammar.

Two textual honesty notes carried from the named voices: (1) The Cambridge editors observe that vv. 8, 10, 11, 13, 14 oscillate between singular and plural address, and they judge several plural clauses to be later editorial expansions. This source does not adjudicate that source-critical question; it reports it and reads the received Masoretic text as it stands. (2) The famous crux bə-raḡləḵā (“with thy foot,” v. 10) is genuinely uncertain — tread-wheels, foot-opened channels, or simply carrying water; Ellicott, Poole, Gill, Cambridge, and the Pulpit Commentary are quoted offering competing reconstructions, and no single one is asserted here as settled.

On the cross-references: the strong verbal threads (Jeremiah 5:24; Exodus 3:8; 1 Kings 8:35) rest on Verifier-computed shared Hebrew lexemes, with the Jeremiah link resting on the genuinely rare words yôreh/malqôš. The James 5:7 thread is marked structural/thematic precisely because it is cross-Testament: Greek and Hebrew share no Strong’s number, so a “verbal” claim there would be false; the connection is a motif carried forward, argued rather than asserted. No link in this unit triggered the mandatory Joshua 1:5 → Hebrews 13:5 flag (that rule applies only to the book of Joshua at 1:5).

The named commentary is public domain, quoted verbatim and attributed in place: Ellicott (1878), Matthew Henry (1706), Albert Barnes (1834), Jamieson-Fausset-Brown (1871), Matthew Poole (1685), John Gill (1746–63), Geneva Study Bible (1599), Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (1880s), Keil & Delitzsch (1860s, ET), Joseph Benson (1810s), and the Pulpit Commentary (Spence & Exell, 1880s). “Test all things; hold fast what is good.” (1 Thessalonians 5:21)

= human, public-domain source, quoted and named. = machine synthesis, to be verified. Flagged cross-references are left visible on purpose — the verifier working in the open. “Search the Scriptures daily, whether those things were so.” (Acts 17:11)